Understanding Of Simple
Future Tense
Simple future tense is a
verb form used
to claim that an
action happens in the future, spontaneous or planned.
This tense can
also be used to form conditional sentence type 1.
Rumus Simple Future Tense
Simple future tense formed from modal
“will” or “shall” and bare
infinitive (prototype verb) or formed from phrasal modal “be going to” and
bare
infinitive (base form verb).
Thus, the
formula of simple future tense for positive
sentences, negative, and interogative as follows.
Types of Sentences
|
Formula
|
Example of Simple Future Tense
|
positive
(+) |
S + will +
bare infinitive
S + be (am/is/are) going to + bare infinitive |
You will
win
|
They are
going to come
|
||
negative
(-) |
S + will +
not + bare infinitive
S + be (am/is/are) + not + going to + bare infinitive |
You won’t
win
|
They
aren’t going to come
|
||
interogative
(?) |
Will + S +
bare infinitive
Be (am/is/are) + S + going to + bare infinitive? |
Will you
win
|
Are they
going to come
|
A Example Sentences Of Function Simple Future Tense
Function
|
A Example Sentences Of Function Simple Future Tense
|
Simple
future tense (will) to make a spontaneous decision
to do something
(without a plan).
|
Wait a
minute. I will change my clothes.
(Tunggu sebentar. Saya akan mengganti baju.) |
You look
nervous. I’ll give you a glass of water.
(Kamu tampak cemas. Saya akan memberimu segelas air.) |
|
Simple
future tense (will) to predict the future (without a plan).
|
The doom
will not happen in 2014.
(Kiamat tidak akan terjadi pada tahun 2014.) |
Which
hotels do you think will offer the best service?
(Hotel yang mana yang kamu pikir akan menawarkan pelayanan terbaik?) |
|
He’ll be
angry.
(Dia akan marah.) |
|
The
sandstorm will come.
(Badai pasir akan datang.) |
|
I think he
will pass.
(Saya pikir dia akan lulus.) |
|
Simple
future tense with "going + to" to declare intention (plan the future that have
been thought previously).
|
I’m going
to send this letter tomorrow.
(Saya akan mengirimkan surat ini besok.) |
He is
going to go to French to continue his study.
(Dia akan pergi ke Perancis untuk melanjutkan sekolahnya.) |
|
Simple
future tense is used to form a conditional sentence type 1.
|
I will
come if they invite me.
(Saya akan datang jika mereka mengundang saya.) |
Functions and Formulas Conditional
Sentence Type 1 2
3
A.Understanding
Conditional sentence according to formulas and functions are divided
into three types: type 1, 2 and 3. The definition of Conditional Sentence
itself is a combination of two words where one of them is a condition of the
sentence, and the other is a result of the implementation of these
requirements.
For example, if you later I passed the
exam with a score
10 all, then
I will treat
all classmates. If
the graduation requirement
is met, then I'll
pay the consequences, if it does not
pass, then I would not treat. So there is
always a If (If).
B. Function Conditional
Sentence
The formula Conditional Sentence is divided into three types depending
on the degree of likelihood of occurrence or the implementation of the proposed
requirements. (If you want to learn more explanation details, please click on
the appropriate conditional sentence you want).
1.
Conditional Sentence Type 1.
Conditional sentence of this first type can be used to make a conditional sentence is still possible to achieve all of the conditions as will occur in the future. Example: I will give you money if my car is sold. When saying the car has not been sold and there are great opportunities to be sold so the opportunity to give money still great.
Conditional sentence of this first type can be used to make a conditional sentence is still possible to achieve all of the conditions as will occur in the future. Example: I will give you money if my car is sold. When saying the car has not been sold and there are great opportunities to be sold so the opportunity to give money still great.
2.
Conditional Sentence Type 2.
Conditional sentence of the second type can be used to indicate the possibility of a conditional sentence would be difficult to fulfill.
Example: If I found your home, I would see you. If I find your house, I'll see you but in fact I have trouble finding your house. Although if you want to try even harder to meet.
Conditional sentence of the second type can be used to indicate the possibility of a conditional sentence would be difficult to fulfill.
Example: If I found your home, I would see you. If I find your house, I'll see you but in fact I have trouble finding your house. Although if you want to try even harder to meet.
3.
Conditional Sentence Type 3.
Conditional sentence third type is used to indicate the conditional sentence can not be met because his time has past.
Example: If I had Knew that your name is Salimah, I would not have gone to your wedding party. If only the (then) I know that Salimah your name, I could not have attended your wedding. So already overdo come and intention not to attend the wedding can not be fulfilled.
Conditional sentence third type is used to indicate the conditional sentence can not be met because his time has past.
Example: If I had Knew that your name is Salimah, I would not have gone to your wedding party. If only the (then) I know that Salimah your name, I could not have attended your wedding. So already overdo come and intention not to attend the wedding can not be fulfilled.
C. Formula Conditional Sentence Type 1 2 3.
- Conditional
Sentence Type 1.
If + Subject + will + infinitive, Subject + verb-1. - Conditional
Sentence Type 2.
If + Subject + would + infinitive, Subject + verb-2. - Conditional
Sentence Type 3.
If + Subject + would + have + Verb-3, Subject + had + verb-3.
Relative Clause
How to Form Relative Clauses
Imagine, a girl is talking to Tom. You want to know who she is and ask a friend whether he knows her. You could say:
A girl is talking to Tom. Do you
know the girl?
That sounds rather complicated, doesn't it?
It would be easier with a relative clause: you put both pieces of information
into one sentence. Start with the most important thing – you want to know
who the girl is.
Do you know the girl …
As your friend cannot know which girl you are
talking about, you need to put in the additional information – the girl
is talking to Tom. Use „the girl“ only in the first part of the sentence, in
the second part replace it with the relative pronoun (for people, use the
relative pronoun „who“). So the final sentence is:
Do you know the girl who is talking to Tom?
Relative Pronouns
relative pronoun
|
use
|
example
|
who
|
subject or object pronoun for people
|
I told you about the woman who
lives next door.
|
which
|
subject or object pronoun for animals and things
|
Do you see the cat which is lying
on the roof?
|
which
|
referring to a whole sentence
|
He couldn’t read which surprised
me.
|
whose
|
possession for people animals and things
|
Do you know the boy whose mother is
a nurse?
|
whom
|
object pronoun for people, especially in non-defining
relative clauses (in defining relative clauses we colloquially prefer who)
|
I was invited by the professor whom
I met at the conference.
|
that
|
subject or object pronoun for people, animals and things
in defining relative clauses (who or which are also possible)
|
I don’t like the table that stands in
the kitchen.
|
Subject Pronoun or Object Pronoun?
Subject and object pronouns cannot be distinguished by their forms - who, which, that are used for subject and object pronouns. You can, however, distinguish them as follows:If the relative pronoun is followed by a verb, the relative pronoun is a subject pronoun. Subject pronouns must always be used.
the apple which is lying on the table
If the relative pronoun is not followed by a
verb (but by a noun or pronoun), the relative pronoun is an object pronoun. Object pronouns
can be dropped in defining relative clauses, which are then called Contact Clauses.
the apple (which) George lay on the table
Relative Adverbs
A relative adverb can be used instead of a relative pronoun plus preposition. This often makes the sentence easier to understand.
This is the shop in which I bought my bike.
→ This is the shop where I bought my bike.
→ This is the shop where I bought my bike.
relative adverb
|
meaning
|
use
|
example
|
when
|
in/on which
|
the day when we met him
|
|
where
|
in/at which
|
refers to a place
|
the place where we met
him
|
why
|
for which
|
refers to a reason
|
the reason why we met him
|
Defining Relative Clauses
Defining relative clauses (also called identifying relative clauses or restrictive relative clauses) give detailed information defining a general term or expression. Defining relative clauses are not put in commas.Imagine, Tom is in a room with five girls. One girl is talking to Tom and you ask somebodywhether he knows this girl. Here the relative clause defines which of the five girls you mean.
Do you know the girl who is
talking to Tom?
Defining relative clauses are often used in definitions.
A seaman is someone who works on
a ship.
Object pronouns in defining relative clauses
can be dropped. (Sentences with a relative clause without the relative pronoun
are called Contact Clauses.)
The boy (who/whom) we met yesterday
is very nice.
Non-Defining Relative Clauses
Non-defining relative clauses (also called non-identifying relative clauses or non-restrictive relative clauses) give additional information on something, but do not define it. Non-defining relative clauses are put in commas.Imagine, Tom is in a room with only one girl. The two are talking to each other and you ask somebody whether he knows this girl. Here the relative clause is non-defining because in this situation it is obvious which girl you mean.
Do you know the girl, who is
talking to Tom?
Note: In non-defining relative clauses, who/which may not be replaced
with that.Object pronouns in non-defining relative clauses must be used.
Jim, who/whom we met yesterday,
is very nice
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